Relocation and Child Custody in Arizona: Laws and Considerations

When it comes to child custody matters in Arizona, the issue of relocation can be particularly complicated. Relocation refers to a situation where one parent wishes to move with their child to a different city, state, or even country. In Arizona, this can present unique challenges because it impacts both parents’ ability to maintain a meaningful relationship with their child. Arizona courts take the issue of relocation very seriously, and there are specific laws and considerations that must be taken into account before any decision is made.

Quacy L. Smith

Founding Partner

James M. Green

Founding Partner

Understanding the process of relocation within the context of child custody is crucial for parents who are contemplating a move. Whether you are the parent wishing to relocate or the parent remaining behind, knowing the laws that apply and the factors the court will consider can help you navigate this often emotional and challenging process. At, Smith & Green, Attorneys At Law, P.L.L.C , we are here to guide you through the legal process and help you navigate the complexities of your case

Arizona’s Child Custody Laws

In Arizona, the term “custody” is often referred to as “legal decision-making” and “parenting time.” Legal decision-making refers to the authority to make important decisions for a child, such as those related to education, healthcare, and religious upbringing. Parenting time, on the other hand, refers to the schedule of when each parent will spend time with the child.

When parents are divorced or separated, custody arrangements are typically established through a court order. This court order dictates which parent has legal decision-making authority and how parenting time will be divided. The court’s primary concern when making custody decisions is the best interests of the child, and this will also be the guiding principle when a parent seeks to relocate with the child.

Relocation Laws in Arizona

In Arizona, the law governing relocation is found in Arizona Revised Statutes section 25-408. This law applies to situations where one parent wants to move with the child to a location that is more than 100 miles away from the other parent or out of state. Under this law, the parent seeking to relocate must provide written notice to the other parent at least 45 days before the intended move.

Once the notice has been given, the non-relocating parent has the right to file a petition with the court to prevent the move if they believe it will harm their relationship with the child. The court will then hold a hearing to determine whether the relocation should be allowed. During this hearing, the court will consider various factors to ensure that the child’s best interests are protected.

Factors the Court Considers

Arizona courts are primarily concerned with the well-being of the child when deciding whether to allow a relocation. Several factors are taken into consideration during the decision-making process, including:

The relationship between the child and both parents. The court will assess the strength and quality of the child’s relationship with each parent. If the child has a close and meaningful relationship with the non-relocating parent, this could weigh against allowing the relocation.

The reasons for the move. The parent seeking to relocate must have a valid reason for the move, such as a new job opportunity, the desire to be closer to family, or the need to improve the child’s living conditions. The court will closely examine the motivation behind the move to ensure it is not an attempt to interfere with the other parent’s relationship with the child.

The impact on the child’s stability. Moving to a new city or state can significantly impact a child’s life. The court will consider how the relocation will affect the child’s emotional, educational, and social stability. Factors such as the availability of educational opportunities and support systems in the new location will be important.

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The wishes of the child. In some cases, the court may take into account the child’s preference regarding the move, especially if the child is mature enough to express a reasoned opinion. However, the child’s wishes are only one of many factors the court will consider.

The ability to maintain relationships. The court will evaluate whether the relocation will make it difficult for the non-relocating parent to maintain a meaningful relationship with the child. This includes considering how feasible it will be for the child to continue regular visitation with the non-relocating parent after the move.

The benefits of the move. The court will weigh the potential benefits of the relocation against the potential harm it may cause. For example, if the move will provide the child with a better standard of living or access to better schools, this could be a factor in favor of allowing the relocation.

How the Court Balances the Best Interests of the Child

At the heart of every relocation case in Arizona is the best interest of the child. The court must determine whether the potential benefits of the move outweigh the potential harm to the child’s relationship with the non-relocating parent. Arizona courts recognize that maintaining close relationships with both parents is generally in the child’s best interest, so relocation is not taken lightly.

To ensure fairness, the court will examine each parent’s involvement in the child’s life and their ability to provide a stable and loving environment. The parent seeking to relocate must present evidence to support their claim that the move is in the child’s best interest. The court will also hear arguments from the non-relocating parent as to why the move should not be allowed. In some cases, the court may order a custody evaluation to gather more information about the child’s needs and the impact of the move.

Modifying Custody Orders

If the court allows the relocation, it may be necessary to modify the existing custody order to reflect the new circumstances. This could involve changes to the parenting time schedule or adjustments to legal decision-making authority. The goal is to ensure that the non-relocating parent can still maintain a meaningful relationship with the child despite the increased distance.

In some cases, the court may order that the non-relocating parent have extended visitation during school breaks or holidays to make up for the loss of regular parenting time. Alternatively, the court may allow for virtual visitation through phone calls or video chats to help maintain the parent-child bond.

Relocation Without Court Approval

It is important to note that a parent cannot relocate with a child without either the other parent’s consent or a court order. If a parent moves with the child without following the legal process, they could face serious consequences, including contempt of court charges and the possibility of losing custody. If you are considering relocating with your child, it is critical to follow the proper legal procedures to avoid legal complications.

On the other hand, if your co-parent relocates without your consent, it is essential to take legal action immediately. The court has the authority to order the return of the child and to impose penalties on the relocating parent for violating the custody order.

Tips for Parents Facing Relocation Issues

Relocation and child custody cases can be emotional and stressful for everyone involved. However, there are steps parents can take to minimize conflict and ensure that the process goes as smoothly as possible.

First, it is important to communicate openly with your co-parent about the reasons for the move and how it will affect your child’s life. By being transparent and cooperative, you may be able to reach an agreement without the need for a contentious court battle.

Second, be prepared to present evidence to support your position. Whether you are seeking to relocate or opposing the move, having documentation such as job offers, school reports, or character references can strengthen your case in court.

Finally, consider seeking the help of a family law attorney who is experienced in relocation cases. An attorney can guide you through the legal process and help you protect your rights as a parent.

Relocation and child custody cases in Arizona involve many legal complexities, and the outcome can have a significant impact on both parents and children. Understanding the laws and factors the court will consider can help you navigate this challenging process. Whether you are the parent wishing to relocate or the parent seeking to prevent a move, it is important to approach the situation with a focus on the best interests of your child.

If you are facing a relocation or child custody issue in Arizona, Smith & Green, Attorneys at Law, P.L.L.C. can provide you with the guidance and support you need. Our experienced legal team understands the emotional and legal challenges that come with relocation cases, and we are committed to helping you achieve the best possible outcome for you and your child. Contact us today to schedule a consultation and learn more about how we can assist you with your child custody matter.